In the 18th century, Russian orthodox people settled in Rimkai. At that time, the village belonged to Vilnius Township. It used to be one of the oldest Russian centres in Lithuania until 1795. The church was mentioned since the end of 18th century until 19th century. In 1806, the inhabitants bought the land and became free farmers, where there lived about 300 people. In 19th century, after the suppression of Deguciai parish, Rimkai became the centre of the Old Believers in Kaunas region. At the beginning of the 20th century, the parish had at least 1,000 believers (even though there were only 415 people living in Rimkai).

Around the year 1900, a new brick Orthodox Church of the Nativity of the Mother of God in Rimkai was built. In the interwar period, the parish was one of the largest in Lithuania. 2140 believers attended it. The parish was registered by the Soviet authorities in July, 1948. During 1994-1997 the church was reconstructed.